Mud Invasion Profile
Introductions
Invasion, the process by which wellbore fluids leak off into permeable formations, is a potential source of damage to well productivity.
When mud filtrate is forced into the porous zone during the fluid invasion process, it creates blockage due to one or more of several mechanisms that may reduce the absolute permeability or restrict flow due to relative permeability or viscous effects.
Hydration or dehydration of swelling clays, dispersion or flocculation of swelling or non-sweI1ing clays and formation particles or dissolution of cementing materials results in formation of fines which move within the pore spaces. thereby adversely affecting its permeability.
As the filtrate invades the formation, it creates a zone very close to the borehole wall. in which most of the original water and some of the hydrocarbons may be flushed away by the invading mud filtrate. The zone is referred to as "Flushed Zone” 3. It contains either mud filtrate or residual hydrocarbon, depending on whether the formation was originally water bearing or hydrocarbon bearing. Away from the flushed zone, the displacement of the formation fluids by the mud filtrate is less and leSS complete. resulting in a transition from mud filtrate saturation to original formation water saturation. Beyond transition zone exists the “uninvaded” zone or virgin zone
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